
\def\R{2.75}

\filldraw [fill=fond1] circle (\R) ;
\draw circle (\R-0.05) ;
\draw (0,0) -- (\R,0);
%
\foreach \i in {0,15,30,...,345}{
\draw [very thin] (0,0) -- (\i:\R) node [fill=fond1, pos=0.85,rotate=\i+\anglealidade, inner sep=1pt] {\i} ;
}
% point central :
\filldraw[fill=fond1, very thin] (0,0) circle (1.0pt);
% méridien de Paris :
\filldraw [fill=fond1]  [rounded corners](20:\R) -- (20:{\R*2.1}) node [pos=0.4, below, rotate=\anglealidade, sloped] {méridien de Paris}  -- (-20:\R) arc (-20:20:\R);
% damier :
\foreach \n in {0,6,...,358}{
\fill (\n:\R) arc ({\n}:{\n+3}:\R) --++ ({\n+3}:{-0.05}) arc ({\n+3}:\n:{\R-0.05});
}
%
% cercles de latitudes 10° :
\foreach \lat in {10,20,...,60, \eps}{
\draw [gray, very thin](0,0) circle ({(\R-0.05)*(1-\lat/90)}) ;
}
% LIEUX :
\foreach \lon/\lat/\lieu in {%
280/17/Acapulco,
307.7/47/~~~~~~~~~~~~Québec,
41/50/~~~~~~~~~~~~~Cracovie,
56/36/Alep~~~~,
71/32.7/Ispahan~~~~~~,
96/27/Agra,
120/14/Siam,
134.3/40/Pékin~~~~~~~~
}{
\draw (\lon:{0.5*\R}) node [rotate=\lon+\anglealidade] {\lieu} ;
\filldraw [line width=0.3pt, fill=couleurdamier] ({\lon:{(\R-0.05)*(1-\lat/90)}}) circle (1.2pt) ;
}
%

